The deaths of sarpedon and patroklos in this book introduce an elegiac tone into the last part of the iliad, as the characters that the reader sees. Each main character, either by a spear or merely a scratch from an arrow, was wounded or killed during the progression of the story. It seems that the achaeans might succeed in storming the walls of troy, but apollo beats patroclus back and warns him that it is not his fate to storm the city. And the brilliant runner achilles saw him coming, filled with pity and spoke out winging words. On the fourth circuit of troy15 zeus lifts his scales. Choose from 500 different sets of iliad iliad book 16 flashcards on quizlet. In homers epic poem the iliad, achilles is represented as the greatest greek warrior and patroclus as his most admirable companion.
In the iliad, it is clear that the two heroes have a deep and extremely meaningful friendship, but the evidence. When patroklos does advise achilleus, it is usually by acting as his conscience. Homer, iliad book 16 theoi classical texts library. Menelaus observes the death of patroclus and runs to guard his body like a mother cow lowing over a calf. Homer was the first greek writer whose work survives. Hera swears to him that poseidon attacks without her knowledge.
Achilles best friend patroclus begs to fight iliad book 16. Patroclus tells achilles how badly the battle is going and scolds him for his rage. The first instance of this doubt occurs in book xvi. Read book 16 death of patroclus of the iliad by homer. In fact, the majority of apostrophes addressed to patroclus in the iliad occur in. Zeus contemplates whether to save his son from being killed or not. This made achilles so angry, that he refused to rest until he had killed hector, and honored his friends death by solemn burial rites. Zeus knows that the death of patroclus will force achilles to fight for the greeks achaeansdanaansargives. Revisiting the apostrophes to patroclus in iliad 16 chs.
The relationship between achilles and patroclus is a key element of the myths associated with the trojan war. The iliad and the fate of patroclus throughout the iliad of homer, the constant theme of death is inherently apparent. I have to list 10 things that were in the iliad and not troy, 10 things in troy that were not in the iliad, and 10 things about how the perspectives of troy and the iliad are the same. The fate of patroclus in throughout the iliad of homer, the constant theme of death is inherently apparent. The homeric legend of troy was elaborated by the roman poet virgil in his aeneid. He expresses a desire to take the walls of troy with patroclus by his side. Achilles and patroclus are so emotionally close that patroclus. Find a summary of this and each chapter of the iliad. Even though patroklos is an important character in the iliad, homer gives little attention to him until the ninth book, and even then, the focus is not on patroklos himself, but on his relationship to achilles. Meanwhile, patroclus goes to achilles tent and begs to be allowed to wear achilles armor if.
Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. This is reflected in his use of maternal similes to describe his relationship to the achaean army 9. Epic art is founded on action, and the model of a society in which action could play out in greatest freedom was that of the heroic greek period. The fate of patroclus in the iliad of homer schoolworkhelper. Troy was burned and the population slaughtered, although many had other fates. Revisiting the apostrophes to patroclus in iliad 16 center for. The question is why the strong compassionate bond between achilles and patroclus has a major significance in the greek victory over troy and how it accomplished to do so. Learn iliad iliad book 16 with free interactive flashcards. Book 16 patroclus gets achilles permission to borrow his armor and march out at the head of the myrmidon troops.
In book 16, patroclus takes the field dressed in achilles armor in. In the movie paris and menelaus offer to duel each other and end the war before it begins. Achilles tells him he has no reason to grieve, saying that agamemnon s men are repaid for their offenses. The trojans push the achaeans back among their ships. Zeuss speech makes it clear to the reader that a predestined conclusion awaits the achaeans and trojans. We get a sense of this from briseiss speech in book 19, when she tells us that patroklos promised to convince achilleus to take her as his lawful wife.
He followed achilles to troy as his brother in arms, and when achilles refused to fight in order to annoy agamemnon, patroclus appeared in achilles armor at the head of the myrmidons and was slain by hector. The achaeans are trying to invade the city of troy after the trojan prince paris stole the beautiful helen from king menelaus. Much like a historical present, they take the listener into the hereandnow of the scene, creating a sense of greater proximity with the character being thus addressed. In the tenth year of the trojan war, tensions are running high among the achaians a superancient name for the ancient greeks. Iliad essay achilles and patroclus in homers epic poem the. During the iliad, priam and hecuba reign as the king and queen of. Like in the book, because helen was taken by paris, the achaeans demanded to take her back premium 490 words 2 pages helen of troy the movie helen of troy shows the important details before and inside the book iliad. The iliad cliffsnotes study guides book summaries, test. Troy 2004 the death of patroclus movieclips youtube. Euphorbus strikes at him and misses only to be killed by menelaus.
This makes its ironically tragic nature at the beginning of book 16 patently clear. Briseis remains with achilles until after his death. This exchange echoing the scene in book 16 puts the fate of hector in a new light. When they were now come close to one another patroclus struck thrasydemus, the brave squire of sarpedon, in the lower part of the belly, and killed him. Thoughout the whole book, zeus outlines the rest of the iliad and beyond, predicting even the eventual fall of troy, which occurs after the end of the poem. Read powerpoints on achilles in books 118 and the homeric gods.
Hector unveiled his weakness when he did not return behind the wall of troy, as advised by priam, when achilles ran toward hector to avenge patroclus death homer, iliad, book xxii, 1990. If he will not relent, achilles should at least let patroclus take his armor and troops into battle. Patroclus returns to achilles camp, crying with pity for the achaean losses. Menelaus, fighting nearby, watches the death of patroclus. Achilles observes patroclus crying at the opening of book 16 and asks the reason. Check out our revolutionary sidebyside summary and analysis. The two sides fight for the body of patroclus, but the trojans win and strip his. Litcharts assigns a color and icon to each theme in the iliad, which you can use to track the themes throughout the work. However, during the main action of the iliad, the wrath of achilles and the plan of. The iliad book 16 death of patroclus american literature. The iliad is an ancient greek epic poem in dactylic hexameter, traditionally attributed to homer.
Fifty were the swift ships which achilles, dear to zeus, led to troy, 170 and in. Mar 24, 2018 if you want to change the world, start off by making your bed william mcraven, us navy admiral duration. As achilles tartly reminds agamemnon, i didnt come here to troy because of the trojans. This lesson focuses on book 16 of the iliad by homer. He was one of a long line of bards, or poets, who worked in the. In the iliad, the overwhelming majority of apostrophes are addressed to patroclus 8 times, all of them in book 16 and menelaus 7 times. Patroclus kills more trojans and nearly storms the gates of troy. But hector, seeing brave patroclus withdraw, struck by the blade, made his way to him through the ranks, and drove at him with his spear, piercing the lower belly and ramming the point home. This state leads to his attempt to scale the walls of troy 30 an egregious. Its exact nature has been a subject of dispute in both the classical period and modern times. Euphorbus attempts to strip patroclus armor, but menelaus kills him. He followed achilles to troy as his brotherinarms, and when achilles refused to fight in order to annoy agamemnon, patroclus appeared in achilles armor at the head of the myrmidons and was slain by hector. Eventually comes across a trojan soldier, sarpedon, who is the mortal son of zeus. He berates hera and threatens to search out the gods who helped her.
Book 17, line 5 the trojan euphorbus comes to take the body but king menelaus will not yield. Set during the trojan war, the tenyear siege of the city of troy ilium by a. Apollo rebuffs patroclus, telling him that it is not his fate to seize troy. Perfect for acing essays, tests, and quizzes, as well as for writing lesson plans. The sixth battle, the acts and death of patroclus, the iliad, lit2go edition, 1899, accessed april 28, 2020. This battle, although not hectors to fight, he still participated and let his pride influence his thoughts. The battle rages on between the trojan and achaean forces, and patroclus devises a scheme to free the achaean ships from the trojans. Murray 1 thus then they were warring around the wellbenched ship, but patroclus drew nigh to achilles, shepherd of the host, shedding hot tears, even as a fountain of dark water that down over the face of a beetling cliff poureth its dusky stream. The great war epic of western literature, in a stunning translation by acclaimed classicist robert fagles a penguin classic dating to the ninth century b. First, the priest chryses comes to ask their leader, king agamemnon, to release his daughter, whom agamemnon was holding captive. That gentle man, the soul of kindness to all while the man was still alive iliad 17. The greeks continue to push the trojan line back, but zeus wakes to see hector vomiting and poseidon in the battle.
Then would the sons of the achaeans have taken highgated troy by the hands of patroclus, for around and before him he raged with his spear, 700 had not phoebus apollo taken his stand upon the wellbuilded wall thinking thoughts of bane for him, but bearing aid to the trojans. The onslaught by the trojans spurs patroclus, achilles dear friend, into action. We also see it when patroklos convinces achilleus to let him lead the myrmidons into battle. Then i have to compare and contrast the two, and tell why perspective can change the telling of a story. Patroclus killed many trojans and trojan allies, including a son of zeus, sarpedon. They appear in book 16 of the iliad, on the death of the greek hero patroclus, achilless friend, and they reappear, a ghostly refrain, in book 22 on the death of. Achilless myrmidons sack apollos temple before the rest of the greek forces arrive, effectively starting the war. We also see it when patroklos convinces achilleus to. So they fought to the death around that benched beaked ship as patroclus reached achilles, his great commander, and wept warm tears like a dark spring running down some desolate rock face, its shaded currents flowing.
Brave menelaus son of atreus now came to know that patroclus hadfallen and made his way through the front ranks clad in full armourto bestride him. If you want to change the world, start off by making your bed william mcraven, us navy admiral duration. This is a crucial book and a turning point because in it zeus sits idly by knowing his son sarpedon will be killed, and achilles friend patroclus is also killed. The iliad and the fate of patroclus 1096 words 123 help me. Chapter summary for homers the iliad, book 16 summary.
Book 15 zeus wakes up and orders poseidon to leave the battlefield. By thomas finley, shakala colbert, kory king, jordan portnoy, and kathryn clark. Besides the iliad, there are references to troy in the other major work attributed to homer, the odyssey, as well as in other ancient greek literature such as aeschyluss oresteia. At the same time it adumbrates achilles own death and the fall of troy. In homers the iliad, apollo, like many of the gods, frequently interferes in the trojan war. The movie helps us to understand what is all about the book iliad. When they were now come close to one another patroclus struck thrasydemus, the brave squire of. Apr 24, 20 like in the book, because helen was taken by paris, the achaeans demanded to take her back premium 490 words 2 pages helen of troy the movie helen of troy shows the important details before and inside the book iliad. Character profile for patroclus from the iliad page 1. The sire of gods and men assented, but he shed a rain of blood upon the earth in honour of his son whom patroclus was about to kill on the rich plain of troy far from his home. Achilles is still feeling distinctly testy, but patroclus is very worried about the increasingly hopeless situation of the greeks, and if achilles wont return to battle to save them, patroclus begs to be allowed to wear his armor to appear in their midst to encourage them, as nestor had. So they fought to the death around that benched beaked ship as patroclus reached achilles.
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